Доклады Международного конгресса ИИСАА. Т. 1

230 Proceedings of the International Congress on Historiography and Source Studies of Asia and Africa.Vol. I. 2020 Galina Z. Poumpian (Russian Academy of Sciences Library, St Petersburg, Russia) The Church and Society in the XVII Сentury Russia as presented in “The Travel of Macarius, Patriarch of Antioch” (Ms. В 1230, 1700 AD) Summary: The article discusses the features of Church life and the role of the Church in the Russian society of the XVII C. as presented in the work by Paul of Aleppo dedicated to the travel of Patriarch Macarius of Antioch to Russia (Tsardom of Muscovy) in 1652–1659 1 . The travel was undertaken in order to collect alms for paying the debts of the diocese. Moscow authorities regarded Macarius to be an important arbiter for the Church reform. The following issues as reflected in “The Travel of Macarius” are considered in the article: 1. The place of the Church in public and private life in Moscow Russia, including the life of the Tsar and his family. 2. The clergy, including the personality of Patriarch Nikon and his relationship with the Tsar. 3. Church reform in Russia, the role of Patriarch Macarius in these events and their assessment by Church historians. 4. Missionary activities of Russian Church. 5. Foreign relations of the Church, visits of foreign clergy and rules of their stay in Moscow. 6. Questions of dogma and description of liturgy, churches, monasteries, icons, Church utensils, vestments etc. (often in comparison with Syria). Paul’s account demonstrates the deep penetration of religion into all the spheres of life in Russia: Church rules were maintained in everyday life, military and secular rituals and at court. Travelers were amazed by the firmness of faith of the locals. Paul also describes many of the episodes illustrating strong religious feelings of TsarAlexei Mikhailovich, his excellent knowledge of worship, careful performance of rituals, reverence for the clergy and even the ability to correct the priest when necessary. Paul narrates different events related to the Church reform aimed at bringing the Russian Church into full unity with the Greek Church, which was of political 1 رحلة ماكاريوس Manuscript В 1230 of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences (St Petersburg), dated 1700 AD.