XXXI Международный конгресс ИИСАА. 23–25 июня 2021 г. Т. 2

Россия и Восток. К 100-летию политических и культурных связей новейшего времени. Т. 2 315 Круглый стол: «Курдский вопрос: история и современность» According to their opinion, this three terms historically, culturally and lexicologically reflect the “Kurdishness”, and Kurdistan should cover the lands inhabited by the Zazaki speaking people. Today, it is clear that there are two languages known as Zazaki/Kirmancki/ Kirdki/Dimilki and Kurmanci. However, they are thought to come from a common origin many centuries ago, which is defined as “Proto-Kurdish”. These two languages contain common linguistic features such as semi-ergativity, masculinity- femininity, casus obliques, even though they differ from each other in terms of mutual intelligibility. In this regard, the following evaluation of NoamChomsky, the American linguist, is of importance: “Any independent language is also a dialect”. Furthermore, the tribes speaking both languages have common history, and there is a genealogical relationship between them. The question of origin of Zazas is heavily discussed by many researchers from Turkey and abroad. Although there are plenty of archival documents indicate that Zaza people consider themselves Kurdish, many historians and linguists try to seperate them fromKurdish identity. Some of the researchers assert that Zaza people are derived from Turkish ancestry. Others think that Zazas migrated from Daylam to Mezopotamia, and integrated with Kurdish tribes. The second group also claims that the Partian language is the root of Zaza language. Besides that, there is another teory, according to which the word Zaza dates back to the Sumerian period. Those who defend this teory generally use the name of the temple of “Ninni-Zaza” located in the ancient city of Mari as a data. A group of researchers also focus on the Torah, the holy book of Jews. They claim that Zaza is one of the descendants of Yerahmeel, the great-grandson of Judah. The goal of this work is to study the origin of Zaza identity, and shortly analyse the aforementioned teories. Shablovskaia A. (Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3 University, France) Russian policy and Archetypal Representations of the Kurds during World War I While being a constant feature of Russian regional politics, the Empire’s interest in the Kurds never materialized either in a political doctrine nor in an institutional arrangement. Such an obvious contradiction between various Russian attempts of rapprochement with the Kurds and the lack of a unique approach toward the Kurdish question became particularly problematic duringWorldWar I, whenAnatolia and the West of Iran were transformed into a war theatre. This paper questions the reasons of the Russian failure to reap political benefits from the military mobilization of the Kurdish population against the Ottomans in the light of imperial subjectivities