XXXI Международный конгресс ИИСАА. 23–25 июня 2021 г. Т. 1

Россия и Восток. К 100-летию политических и культурных связей новейшего времени. Т. 1 193 Источниковедение и историография Центральной Азии price of slaves in the Emirate of Bukhara and writes:’… the price of a strong male slave in the emirate is 40–50 gold pieces (640–800 Russian rubles), of a slave with a profession is 100 gold pieces (1600 rubles), of a young and beautiful slave girl is 100–150 gold pieces (1600–2400 rubles)’ 1 . Arminius Vamberi, who came to the Central Asian khanates in 1863, said that the strong male slaves were valued at 40–50 gold pieces, and older women could be sold for up to 10 gold pieces in the emirate that year. However, he wrote that after the defeat of the Iranian army by the Turkmen near Marv in 1861, 13,000 Iranian soldiers were sent to slave markets, and that year the price of slaves in the Emirate of Bukhara fell tenfold to three or four gold pieces. However, they did not say anything about the price of female slaves in this case, weather it influenced on their price or not, the information about it is not available 2 .  Finally, according to an orientalist, A. Kuhn, in an article in 1873, the price of a young slave girl in the khanate markets ranged from 40 to 250 gold pieces. In 1873, on the eve of Kaufman's accession to the khanate, the slave price rose from 100 to 200 gold pieces for Russian slaves, 70 gold pieces for Iranians, and 60 to 300 gold pieces for Iranian wives and children under 14 3 . The Russian military ambassador to the Khiva khanate in 1819–1820, N. Muravyov points out that Uzbeks in Khiva can legally marry several women, but in practice they marry only one woman, and polygamy is not common in the Khanate, for only rich families could afford such an opportunity. It follows that in the Khiva khanate, the men from the common population had neither the opportunity to keep slaves nor to marry them 4 . In written sources we find information that the wives of some Khiva khans and relatives were former slaves. For example, Shirinbika, the beloved wife of Muhammad Rahimkhan Feruz (1864–1910), was also brought from Iran by the Yavmuds in her youth and sold to the harem in the slave market in Khiva. Khan Feruz's cousin Matniyaz Devonbegi’s mother was also a Russian slave 5 . 1 Meyendorf E. K. Travel from Orenburg to Bukhara. (In Russian). M.: Nauka, 1975.P. 145. 2 Vambery A. Journey through Central Asia. (In Russian). M.: Vostochnaya literature (Eastern literature), 2003. (pdf). P. 65. 3 Kuhn A. L. Notes on taxes in the Khiva Khanate // Turkestanskie vedomosti (In Rus- sian). 1873, August 14, № 32. 4 Muravyov N. Travel to Turkmenistan and Khiva in 1819 and 1820. The Guards General Staff Captain sent to this very country for negotiations (in Russian). T. 1. M., 1819; T. 2. M., 1820 // http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/Dokumenty/M.Asien/ XIX/1800–1820/Muraviev/text5. html. 5 KhoroshkhinA. P. Memories of Khiva. (Cursory notes). // Collection of articles related to the Turkestan region (in Russian). St. Petersburg: Type. and chromo-lite. A. Transchelya, 1876. P. 473–483.