XXX Международный конгресс ИИСАА. 19–21 июня 2019 г. Т. 1

Секция I 58 XXX Международный Конгресс по источниковедению и историографии стран Азии и Африки that have been illustrated, both universal and dynastic histories and chronicles of the careers of individual rulers, compiled from the 14th to the 18th centuries but illustrated in copies mainly from the 16th century. Among these are copies of well-known chronicles, such as the works by Rashid al-Din (universal chronicle), ‘Ali Yazdi (history of Timur), Mirkhwand (universal chronicle), Amini Haravi (dynastic history), Hasan-i Rumlu (universal-cum-dynastic history, in the surviving portions) and the histories of Nadir Shah: examples of most of which can also be found in other collections. Such a concentration of illustrated historical texts in one place, however, is unusual and facilitates a nice case study of the whole question of the illustration of history.Why were some chronicles illustrated and not others? Why were some scenes chosen for illustration and not others? When the artists depicted the events in question, to what extent were they guided by the text, or by other earlier iconographic or visual models? How do the pictures and their relationship to the text enhance or alter the meaning of the narrative? Can an underlying ideological programme be discerned, and are their significant differences in this respect betweenmanuscripts commissioned and illustrated in princely ateliers, and those produced in provincial workshops for a commercial market? How does the context in which illustrated manuscripts were produced throw light also on the contemporary perception of history and its significance? This paper will survey some of these Persian historical texts and will consider, in particular, the choices made of which chronicles to illustrate and which scenes to visualize, to aim to understand the purpose of the illustrations and how they enhance the written text. One important consideration is the difference between the illustration of ‘ancient’ and ‘contemporary’ history; another is the contrast between standard ‘generic’ pictures, such as enthroned rulers, hunts, or battle scenes, and those which are clearly conceived and designed to depict specific, individual events. The analysis of these illuminated manuscripts will draw also on comparisons with illustrated texts that cover the same events in the history of eastern Iran and western Central Asia (Turkestan) in libraries elsewhere. Anne Regourd (CNRS, Paris), Olga Yastrebova (NLR; SPbSU, St Petersburg) The Trade in Papers Marked with Non-Latin Characters The trade in paper is an emerging topic, and paper proved to be necessary to the writing of Islamic texts. Watermarked papers, which served as media for Islamic manuscripts (codices and documents), were imported from Europe at least since the 13th century. The study of trade in papers brings us, therefore, to Global history. The approach of a book recently published, The Trade in Papers Marked with Non-Latin Characters , Leiden, E. J. Brill, 2018, is to treat the papers found in Islamic manuscripts as primary sources, which can be connected to narrative sources and